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Mr Everett
Work as a miner, training to become a manager. Rules and regulations, Safety in the pit. Change in the mines, increased mechanisation, changes to safety precautions. Designed some new bits of equipment. Dealing with the unions. Fire in the pit.
Work as a miner, training to become a manager. Rules and regulations, Safety in the pit. Change in the mines, increased mechanisation, changes to safety precautions. Designed some new bits of equipment. Dealing with the unions. Fire in the pit.
Mr Smith
Mining, unions and associated bodies. How the unions helped the miners. Role of the deputy and undermanager in keeping - or turning a blind eye to - rules e.g. re shot firing. Changing regulations. Difficulties of getting into areas to inspect, with equipment.
Mining, unions and associated bodies. How the unions helped the miners. Role of the deputy and undermanager in keeping - or turning a blind eye to - rules e.g. re shot firing. Changing regulations. Difficulties of getting into areas to inspect, with equipment.
Mrs Mary Wilson
Worked in the boot and shoe department of Stanley Co-op. Started at Burnhope Co-op in 1924, two days a week, then started at Stanley, had to walk it, or run for the bus. Hours. Could be very busy especially before the chapel anniversaries. Wages, staffing. Different kinds of shoe sold. Clubs and checks and the dividend. Shoe sizes. Fitting room. Price tickets and stock code. Man delivering goods in wagon. Store organised a social, people trying to get her to dance. Evening lectures with the Co-operative movement. The union.
Worked in the boot and shoe department of Stanley Co-op. Started at Burnhope Co-op in 1924, two days a week, then started at Stanley, had to walk it, or run for the bus. Hours. Could be very busy especially before the chapel anniversaries. Wages, staffing. Different kinds of shoe sold. Clubs and checks and the dividend. Shoe sizes. Fitting room. Price tickets and stock code. Man delivering goods in wagon. Store organised a social, people trying to get her to dance. Evening lectures with the Co-operative movement. The union.
Mr Ratcliffe
Bainbridge's a training ground for shop workers. Retail and wholesale departments. First day at work. Retail selling competitive. Co-op paid more but not so prestigious. Competitors. Price code system. No union.
Bainbridge's a training ground for shop workers. Retail and wholesale departments. First day at work. Retail selling competitive. Co-op paid more but not so prestigious. Competitors. Price code system. No union.
Mrs Ware
Bethney chapel - independent Methodist. Sunday school. Outings, anniversaries. Typical Sunday. Preachers. Christian Endeavour. Abstinence. Decoration of the chapel - harvest festival. Communion. Car of chapel.
Bethney chapel - independent Methodist. Sunday school. Outings, anniversaries. Typical Sunday. Preachers. Christian Endeavour. Abstinence. Decoration of the chapel - harvest festival. Communion. Car of chapel.
John Trueman
Started Sunday school at 7. Star card. Lessons, annual outing. Christmas party. Anniversary. Membership training class. After war became Sunday school superintendent. Festivals of the church. Giving testimony, Methodist fellowship. Occupations of the congregation. Music. Temperance. Social life. Attitudes to other denominations. Chapel. Unions. Young people's day. Pranks in chapel as a teenager. Chapel building. Communion wine. Prizes for attendance, presents at Christmas.
Started Sunday school at 7. Star card. Lessons, annual outing. Christmas party. Anniversary. Membership training class. After war became Sunday school superintendent. Festivals of the church. Giving testimony, Methodist fellowship. Occupations of the congregation. Music. Temperance. Social life. Attitudes to other denominations. Chapel. Unions. Young people's day. Pranks in chapel as a teenager. Chapel building. Communion wine. Prizes for attendance, presents at Christmas.
anonymous man
Father a keeker at the colliery, also master's weighman. Grandfather horsekeeper. Both Methodists. Grandfather lost an eye in the 1891 strike. Jim worked as colliery clerk for two years, then for county council. Rates of pay. Mines in Cornsay and seggar used for bricks and exported. Colliery owners benefactors to Methodism. Maternal grandmother from Cornwall, paternal grandfather from Yorkshire. Village life - rural setting, sports. School - strike when head teacher roughly treated boy whose father had recently died in world war one. Gardens and livestock. Typical Sunday. Jack Lawson - connect...
Father a keeker at the colliery, also master's weighman. Grandfather horsekeeper. Both Methodists. Grandfather lost an eye in the 1891 strike. Jim worked as colliery clerk for two years, then for county council. Rates of pay. Mines in Cornsay and seggar used for bricks and exported. Colliery owners benefactors to Methodism. Maternal grandmother from Cornwall, paternal grandfather from Yorkshire. Village life - rural setting, sports. School - strike when head teacher roughly treated boy whose father had recently died in world war one. Gardens and livestock. Typical Sunday. Jack Lawson - connect...
Ted Davey
Apprenticeship; nearly sacked for driving a vehicle into the shipyard gates. Asbestos as lack of health rules, difficult and dirty conditions, engineering accident. Workers clothing, health problems. Career progression, feelings about closure, trying to keep warm while ice floating down the Tyne. Strikes and unions.
Apprenticeship; nearly sacked for driving a vehicle into the shipyard gates. Asbestos as lack of health rules, difficult and dirty conditions, engineering accident. Workers clothing, health problems. Career progression, feelings about closure, trying to keep warm while ice floating down the Tyne. Strikes and unions.
Ged Lalor
Childhood memories of the crowds of shipyard workers. Conditions as a boy labourer, poor heath and safety record. The plater's shed, freezing cold. Noise of the welders. Typical day, strict regime and shifts, wages, management and unions. Whole town filthy and overwhelmed by huge ships. Lots of smoking and drinking. Playing on the streets, community life. The "pop wagon". Shipyard closure.
Childhood memories of the crowds of shipyard workers. Conditions as a boy labourer, poor heath and safety record. The plater's shed, freezing cold. Noise of the welders. Typical day, strict regime and shifts, wages, management and unions. Whole town filthy and overwhelmed by huge ships. Lots of smoking and drinking. Playing on the streets, community life. The "pop wagon". Shipyard closure.
David Tindale
Russian food parcels in 1984 strike, comment by man who fought in Russian Revolution. More on cricket. Team went around during 1926 strike. Stories about the Home Guard in the area. Layout of the house - father plumbed in a hot water system; method of washing clothes; bath with a hinged top; got very cold upstairs. Pay at organ works; secrecy about union membership. Pranks played on and by apprentices at the engine works. New apprentices Christmas Box, had to sing a carol for it. The garage there. Identifying people on photograph of organ works. First encounter with policeman, at five. The var...
Russian food parcels in 1984 strike, comment by man who fought in Russian Revolution. More on cricket. Team went around during 1926 strike. Stories about the Home Guard in the area. Layout of the house - father plumbed in a hot water system; method of washing clothes; bath with a hinged top; got very cold upstairs. Pay at organ works; secrecy about union membership. Pranks played on and by apprentices at the engine works. New apprentices Christmas Box, had to sing a carol for it. The garage there. Identifying people on photograph of organ works. First encounter with policeman, at five. The var...
Ted Crookes
Mother died of 1918 influenza, nearly given to other relatives. Sent to smallpox hospital. Miner's strike, blacklegs, division of Hebburn into distinct regions. Unemployment growing. Briefly a shop boy but sacked as reached 16. Started in shipyards. Employment system, waiting in the market, factors in this, relationship with bosses. Wartime - women workers and men's reactions. Early involvement in unions. Later involvement in union and the local council.
Mother died of 1918 influenza, nearly given to other relatives. Sent to smallpox hospital. Miner's strike, blacklegs, division of Hebburn into distinct regions. Unemployment growing. Briefly a shop boy but sacked as reached 16. Started in shipyards. Employment system, waiting in the market, factors in this, relationship with bosses. Wartime - women workers and men's reactions. Early involvement in unions. Later involvement in union and the local council.
Frank Graham
Family background, slightly better off than some in area. In early teens very affected by sight of man breaking the two minute war memorial silence, trying to make speech. Time of lots of political meetings and demonstrations. The hunger marches - different from Jarrow march - more militant. Strength of National Unemployed Workers Movement. Set themselves to stand against Mosley's fascists in the region. - why Mosley failed here, small meetings jeered at. More on the hunger marches, staying in halls and the workhouse, increased in size as it went. Got new boots donated but caused trouble as no...
Family background, slightly better off than some in area. In early teens very affected by sight of man breaking the two minute war memorial silence, trying to make speech. Time of lots of political meetings and demonstrations. The hunger marches - different from Jarrow march - more militant. Strength of National Unemployed Workers Movement. Set themselves to stand against Mosley's fascists in the region. - why Mosley failed here, small meetings jeered at. More on the hunger marches, staying in halls and the workhouse, increased in size as it went. Got new boots donated but caused trouble as no...
Jack Ramshaw and Harry Ferrier
Sleeping six to a bed. Taking part in a school strike about Royal Oak Day. Working as a paperboy. Grandfather often moved from one pit to another, put his bed on a wagon and moved on. Coal cables and wages. Saw men beating up a blackleg miner during strike. Came out of school day before 1921 strike, had to wait till it was over before starting work, helped in soup kitchens. Close knit community. Story of policeman trying to catch a potato thief. Allotment practically a second job. Complaints in the mine went through several stages, watered down each time and usually petered out. Union voluntar...
Sleeping six to a bed. Taking part in a school strike about Royal Oak Day. Working as a paperboy. Grandfather often moved from one pit to another, put his bed on a wagon and moved on. Coal cables and wages. Saw men beating up a blackleg miner during strike. Came out of school day before 1921 strike, had to wait till it was over before starting work, helped in soup kitchens. Close knit community. Story of policeman trying to catch a potato thief. Allotment practically a second job. Complaints in the mine went through several stages, watered down each time and usually petered out. Union voluntar...
Jimmy Cutter
Leaving sea, working at cargo fleet steelworks. Working for ICI 1940-1978 - effect of world war two. "Tube alloys" and other projects. Wartime secondments. Home guard. Communist party member. Trade union activities. Rigger branch.
Leaving sea, working at cargo fleet steelworks. Working for ICI 1940-1978 - effect of world war two. "Tube alloys" and other projects. Wartime secondments. Home guard. Communist party member. Trade union activities. Rigger branch.
Mr J. Jones
Born in South Hetton basement flat. Moved to Haswell at 8 but preferred staying with grandmother in South Hetton. Describes history of South Hetton, order of streets being built around the pit; Welsh moving in, used to fight a lot, including great grandfather; more phases of development, outdoor middens and ovens; more houses built; annual diphtheria epidemic. Mary Anne Cotton once lived there. Shoplifting as a little boy. Water supply, street lighting, cess pits. Houses in bad condition, damp. Playing in quarry. Robbing vending machine. Pig killer. World war one: father left pit in 1916 afte...
Born in South Hetton basement flat. Moved to Haswell at 8 but preferred staying with grandmother in South Hetton. Describes history of South Hetton, order of streets being built around the pit; Welsh moving in, used to fight a lot, including great grandfather; more phases of development, outdoor middens and ovens; more houses built; annual diphtheria epidemic. Mary Anne Cotton once lived there. Shoplifting as a little boy. Water supply, street lighting, cess pits. Houses in bad condition, damp. Playing in quarry. Robbing vending machine. Pig killer. World war one: father left pit in 1916 afte...
Mr Cain
Father Irish Catholic, mother Scots-Irish Protestant, couldn’t marry till mother's parents left for America, they started corresponding after grandfather died. Parents moved around region. Went to school via railway turntable, nearby father would meet him and give apple or sweet. Father left colliery, moved to poor house in Southwick, two rooms for seven of them. Father became drunk and aggressive, they often slept out all night. Went to Catholic school, called out with elder brother by priest because hadn’t been to church that Sunday, priest whipped his brother, family doctor wanted to prosec...
Father Irish Catholic, mother Scots-Irish Protestant, couldn’t marry till mother's parents left for America, they started corresponding after grandfather died. Parents moved around region. Went to school via railway turntable, nearby father would meet him and give apple or sweet. Father left colliery, moved to poor house in Southwick, two rooms for seven of them. Father became drunk and aggressive, they often slept out all night. Went to Catholic school, called out with elder brother by priest because hadn’t been to church that Sunday, priest whipped his brother, family doctor wanted to prosec...
Mr Dawson
Family from Seaham, owned the billiard saloon, actors used to come to play when working at the Theatre Royal, also some good players. Worked in the pits, and briefly at Seaham dock. Then ten years on stage as singer, hand balancer and strongman. Trained as a singer by another pitman, but years of scales before sang a tune. Better wages than pit work. Singers union and second world war, entertaining. Wife stayed in Seaham while he travelled country, still knows some of them. IN war, performed with Gracie Fields. Returned to pits on principle, when employer wouldn't let him break contract for a ...
Family from Seaham, owned the billiard saloon, actors used to come to play when working at the Theatre Royal, also some good players. Worked in the pits, and briefly at Seaham dock. Then ten years on stage as singer, hand balancer and strongman. Trained as a singer by another pitman, but years of scales before sang a tune. Better wages than pit work. Singers union and second world war, entertaining. Wife stayed in Seaham while he travelled country, still knows some of them. IN war, performed with Gracie Fields. Returned to pits on principle, when employer wouldn't let him break contract for a ...
Mr Quinn
Came to Easington in 1912, father and brothers went into the pit. Only went to school for a couple of weeks, tin school, then told would be sent for if needed – two years running messages for a farm, then signed off at school and began at the pit. Lots of Welsh and other newcomers around then. Six months on the screens, then pony driving. Started putting but left to Horden after argument with overman – easy to get notice and family evicted. Married for 7 years before got a house, 15 of them packed in – houses hard to get. Became a union Lodge delegate. Spoke against building of Peterlee. In th...
Came to Easington in 1912, father and brothers went into the pit. Only went to school for a couple of weeks, tin school, then told would be sent for if needed – two years running messages for a farm, then signed off at school and began at the pit. Lots of Welsh and other newcomers around then. Six months on the screens, then pony driving. Started putting but left to Horden after argument with overman – easy to get notice and family evicted. Married for 7 years before got a house, 15 of them packed in – houses hard to get. Became a union Lodge delegate. Spoke against building of Peterlee. In th...
Mr and Mrs Lamer
Describe history of Horden, from coal found, Horden Coal Company, first roads and railways. Pigeons and pitch and toss. Men dividing their money in the club and separating “keepie back” (not given to wives, where usually all was). Was on compensation for injury, had to have regular fitness checks, some considered fit for work too early, doctors paid to say so. Most houses double-tenanted. Union men then real fighters for rights, but not educated. Political career of Fred Peart. Only entertainment omen got was if men took them for a walk on Sunday evening. People lived in caves and allotment sh...
Describe history of Horden, from coal found, Horden Coal Company, first roads and railways. Pigeons and pitch and toss. Men dividing their money in the club and separating “keepie back” (not given to wives, where usually all was). Was on compensation for injury, had to have regular fitness checks, some considered fit for work too early, doctors paid to say so. Most houses double-tenanted. Union men then real fighters for rights, but not educated. Political career of Fred Peart. Only entertainment omen got was if men took them for a walk on Sunday evening. People lived in caves and allotment sh...
Mr Tait
came to Easington in 1912, went to local school. He worked at age 14 in the Easington Colliery and then went into the Army when he was 19. He served abroad enjoyed the sport, boxed for his battalion, guarded a Scottish pit in the General Strike and was discharged in 1926. Back to the pit and as union official responsible for Compensation payment. Easington Pit disaster 1951, responsible for accounting for the 83 dead., then on the committee for Disaster Fund to maintain the widows and orphans, children were looked after until each was 21. He states frequently that he enjoyed being a Trade Unio...
came to Easington in 1912, went to local school. He worked at age 14 in the Easington Colliery and then went into the Army when he was 19. He served abroad enjoyed the sport, boxed for his battalion, guarded a Scottish pit in the General Strike and was discharged in 1926. Back to the pit and as union official responsible for Compensation payment. Easington Pit disaster 1951, responsible for accounting for the 83 dead., then on the committee for Disaster Fund to maintain the widows and orphans, children were looked after until each was 21. He states frequently that he enjoyed being a Trade Unio...
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