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Andrew Ruddick
Grew up in High Fell, went to school in Hallbankgate - before free education, paid threepence a week, good education, did well when went to big school. Started as grocer in the Co-op but didn't like "being everybody's lackey", at 13. Started then driving pony in Roachburn pit, then working "hanging on" a dilly, helping tubs move, then putting, then hewing. Shifts - no machinery, boring hole for explosives. 1908 there was a big accident in Roachburn pit, describes circumstances, knew man who died in it trying to save others. Owner never really recovered. Moved to Chopwell but wife lonely so cam...
Grew up in High Fell, went to school in Hallbankgate - before free education, paid threepence a week, good education, did well when went to big school. Started as grocer in the Co-op but didn't like "being everybody's lackey", at 13. Started then driving pony in Roachburn pit, then working "hanging on" a dilly, helping tubs move, then putting, then hewing. Shifts - no machinery, boring hole for explosives. 1908 there was a big accident in Roachburn pit, describes circumstances, knew man who died in it trying to save others. Owner never really recovered. Moved to Chopwell but wife lonely so cam...
George Patterson
Provided by Mr Eccles and Mr Branfoot. Family life, toilets and using the leek trench or ash heaps instead. Neighbours. The ash heap. Clippy and proggy mats. The house and the beds. The end of world war one - armistice. Fireplaces and heating. Siblings. Tin baths, miners getting clean but leaving their backs dirty. Colliery showers. School, school equipment. Discipline and at school and home, father had a cat o'nine tails and a hammer, disciplinarian. Eventually two of his sons attacked him back and made him stop hitting mother. Layout of house. Water supply. Keeping hens and allotments. Bakin...
Provided by Mr Eccles and Mr Branfoot. Family life, toilets and using the leek trench or ash heaps instead. Neighbours. The ash heap. Clippy and proggy mats. The house and the beds. The end of world war one - armistice. Fireplaces and heating. Siblings. Tin baths, miners getting clean but leaving their backs dirty. Colliery showers. School, school equipment. Discipline and at school and home, father had a cat o'nine tails and a hammer, disciplinarian. Eventually two of his sons attacked him back and made him stop hitting mother. Layout of house. Water supply. Keeping hens and allotments. Bakin...
documentary
"Ken Bruce show" Recorded from Beamish: interviewer talks to children visiting Beamish in costume on "George day", games they are playing, sweets and food. Performance of Cushie Butterfield. Talk to a "Vera", pit cottage demonstrator on life of a miner's wife, working week, miner's bath, toilets. Talks to Bill Tully, driver of steam train, about the workings of the engine. Song: the runaway train. Interview with horseman Terry Allison, duties of the horseman. Interview with demonstrator Bob Whipps in the drift mine, miner's clothes. Pip the pit pony. "Spread a little happiness". "Carter theme"...
"Ken Bruce show" Recorded from Beamish: interviewer talks to children visiting Beamish in costume on "George day", games they are playing, sweets and food. Performance of Cushie Butterfield. Talk to a "Vera", pit cottage demonstrator on life of a miner's wife, working week, miner's bath, toilets. Talks to Bill Tully, driver of steam train, about the workings of the engine. Song: the runaway train. Interview with horseman Terry Allison, duties of the horseman. Interview with demonstrator Bob Whipps in the drift mine, miner's clothes. Pip the pit pony. "Spread a little happiness". "Carter theme"...
Robin Goodfellow
Work as a shepherd from 1914, dealing with diseases, lots of walking, behaviour of sheep. Hours worked, different farms, future wife daughter of another farmer. Difficulties in the farming trade post war, land prices. Bought a small farm and also went to work in the lead mines at Nenthead - drilling holes in the limestone, pay; then moved to an anthracite pit. Accidents and conditions. Manual work on the farm. Philosophy on life, fresh air and hard work, keeping busy. Postman delivering on pony and trap.
Work as a shepherd from 1914, dealing with diseases, lots of walking, behaviour of sheep. Hours worked, different farms, future wife daughter of another farmer. Difficulties in the farming trade post war, land prices. Bought a small farm and also went to work in the lead mines at Nenthead - drilling holes in the limestone, pay; then moved to an anthracite pit. Accidents and conditions. Manual work on the farm. Philosophy on life, fresh air and hard work, keeping busy. Postman delivering on pony and trap.
Tom Lamb
Born in West Pelton, father miner, mother part time at Beamish Hall. Then at Edmonsley, new modern houses (but gone now). Isolation hospital for diphtheria. Art as a child. Went into mines at 14 along with brother, no choice, father got boots for him and he knew. Early pit baths. Work on the screens, then work as assistant cleaning the pithead baths. Walking to work - food stolen by "bait catcher" tramp, so mother gave him food to hand over with laxative. Tramp eventually caught. At 18 moved to working at Morrison Busty - had fortnight's training - boy threw his sketch book in the furnace, be...
Born in West Pelton, father miner, mother part time at Beamish Hall. Then at Edmonsley, new modern houses (but gone now). Isolation hospital for diphtheria. Art as a child. Went into mines at 14 along with brother, no choice, father got boots for him and he knew. Early pit baths. Work on the screens, then work as assistant cleaning the pithead baths. Walking to work - food stolen by "bait catcher" tramp, so mother gave him food to hand over with laxative. Tramp eventually caught. At 18 moved to working at Morrison Busty - had fortnight's training - boy threw his sketch book in the furnace, be...
George Barclay
Scotswood pit disaster of 1925 - details his experience, seeing the rising water, trying to get to safety, waiting with other men to be told of a way out, then making way out to surface. Had no choice but to leave ponies behind. Whole area was stood at pit gates waiting for news. Cause of accident unknown, water broke in. Lad fell into water. Pit closed, but he hung around with messages and food for rescue workers (including father). Funeral, heavy rain, many brass bands and "millions" of people lining streets. First day in pit, given pony, limmers. Ponies stubborn. Worked in several pits es...
Scotswood pit disaster of 1925 - details his experience, seeing the rising water, trying to get to safety, waiting with other men to be told of a way out, then making way out to surface. Had no choice but to leave ponies behind. Whole area was stood at pit gates waiting for news. Cause of accident unknown, water broke in. Lad fell into water. Pit closed, but he hung around with messages and food for rescue workers (including father). Funeral, heavy rain, many brass bands and "millions" of people lining streets. First day in pit, given pony, limmers. Ponies stubborn. Worked in several pits es...
Mr Cole
Moved to Seaham colliery “duckyard” as a child, went to The Ropery school. Going into the bottleworks to watch, pretended taking someone’s lunch – process of making bottles, bottles loaded onto special boat. Schoolmate playing football with milk can, went to Manchester City. Local football teams. Local police. The docks, steam navvy and special railway, building the piers. First day in the mine, cage and lamp, walking in, left in the dark as someone else’s lamp had gone out, sat changing a switch on the tub tracks. Then pony driving, then away to France in world war one. Starting work again af...
Moved to Seaham colliery “duckyard” as a child, went to The Ropery school. Going into the bottleworks to watch, pretended taking someone’s lunch – process of making bottles, bottles loaded onto special boat. Schoolmate playing football with milk can, went to Manchester City. Local football teams. Local police. The docks, steam navvy and special railway, building the piers. First day in the mine, cage and lamp, walking in, left in the dark as someone else’s lamp had gone out, sat changing a switch on the tub tracks. Then pony driving, then away to France in world war one. Starting work again af...
Mr Henderson
Father a miner. Growing up in South Hetton – school, would bring milk in for teacher. Father built shed, magic lantern show for pins. Kite making. Water from a pant or a water cart. Marbles, diabolo, quoits. Mother working hard, washing etc, but always in debt. Day trip to Blackpool. Acetylene street lights in 1908, children would climb up and put them out; electric in 1919. Starting at pit – wanted to go into fitting shops; went tub shops, then engineers, first, but got to fitters at 16. Correspondence course in engineering. System of shafts and fans. Winding engine, trouble putting in new ca...
Father a miner. Growing up in South Hetton – school, would bring milk in for teacher. Father built shed, magic lantern show for pins. Kite making. Water from a pant or a water cart. Marbles, diabolo, quoits. Mother working hard, washing etc, but always in debt. Day trip to Blackpool. Acetylene street lights in 1908, children would climb up and put them out; electric in 1919. Starting at pit – wanted to go into fitting shops; went tub shops, then engineers, first, but got to fitters at 16. Correspondence course in engineering. System of shafts and fans. Winding engine, trouble putting in new ca...
Mr Quinn
Came to Easington in 1912, father and brothers went into the pit. Only went to school for a couple of weeks, tin school, then told would be sent for if needed – two years running messages for a farm, then signed off at school and began at the pit. Lots of Welsh and other newcomers around then. Six months on the screens, then pony driving. Started putting but left to Horden after argument with overman – easy to get notice and family evicted. Married for 7 years before got a house, 15 of them packed in – houses hard to get. Became a union Lodge delegate. Spoke against building of Peterlee. In th...
Came to Easington in 1912, father and brothers went into the pit. Only went to school for a couple of weeks, tin school, then told would be sent for if needed – two years running messages for a farm, then signed off at school and began at the pit. Lots of Welsh and other newcomers around then. Six months on the screens, then pony driving. Started putting but left to Horden after argument with overman – easy to get notice and family evicted. Married for 7 years before got a house, 15 of them packed in – houses hard to get. Became a union Lodge delegate. Spoke against building of Peterlee. In th...
Mrs Fleming
Working in the pit – offtakes, datal work, driving, putting – some light work for broken arm – then chock drawing, then back to putting with pony others couldn’t manage, work with different teams. Breaking in the ponies. Accidents and pay. Putting hardest, piece work in narrow places, illegal practices. More on chock drawing, dangerous. Conveyor belts and poor ventilation. Reception of steel props, comparing to timber. Different ways ponies treated, their lives. Walking to face. Men chewing tobacco. Dust and lung problems. Safety improvements eg to battery in cap lamps, old type caused acid bu...
Working in the pit – offtakes, datal work, driving, putting – some light work for broken arm – then chock drawing, then back to putting with pony others couldn’t manage, work with different teams. Breaking in the ponies. Accidents and pay. Putting hardest, piece work in narrow places, illegal practices. More on chock drawing, dangerous. Conveyor belts and poor ventilation. Reception of steel props, comparing to timber. Different ways ponies treated, their lives. Walking to face. Men chewing tobacco. Dust and lung problems. Safety improvements eg to battery in cap lamps, old type caused acid bu...
Mr Hughes
Moved to Blackhall 1915, only one road there. Went to tin school, underneath and nearby were ponies being broken in for pit work, would watch. Describes his pit work, on screens then pony driving and endless rope work. Tin bath. Allowed to move near relatives as mother unwell. Work space, hard work, pay, tokens, accidents. Working under the sea, salt water dripped through. Timber props, noises they made, compared to steel props. Ponies’ instinct for danger. Man who lost finger. Some wore waterproofs. Work shot firing, regulations. Starting to enter singing competitions in clubs, did well, st...
Moved to Blackhall 1915, only one road there. Went to tin school, underneath and nearby were ponies being broken in for pit work, would watch. Describes his pit work, on screens then pony driving and endless rope work. Tin bath. Allowed to move near relatives as mother unwell. Work space, hard work, pay, tokens, accidents. Working under the sea, salt water dripped through. Timber props, noises they made, compared to steel props. Ponies’ instinct for danger. Man who lost finger. Some wore waterproofs. Work shot firing, regulations. Starting to enter singing competitions in clubs, did well, st...
Mr and Mrs Lamer
Describe history of Horden, from coal found, Horden Coal Company, first roads and railways. Pigeons and pitch and toss. Men dividing their money in the club and separating “keepie back” (not given to wives, where usually all was). Was on compensation for injury, had to have regular fitness checks, some considered fit for work too early, doctors paid to say so. Most houses double-tenanted. Union men then real fighters for rights, but not educated. Political career of Fred Peart. Only entertainment omen got was if men took them for a walk on Sunday evening. People lived in caves and allotment sh...
Describe history of Horden, from coal found, Horden Coal Company, first roads and railways. Pigeons and pitch and toss. Men dividing their money in the club and separating “keepie back” (not given to wives, where usually all was). Was on compensation for injury, had to have regular fitness checks, some considered fit for work too early, doctors paid to say so. Most houses double-tenanted. Union men then real fighters for rights, but not educated. Political career of Fred Peart. Only entertainment omen got was if men took them for a walk on Sunday evening. People lived in caves and allotment sh...
Ned Cowen
Worked in Bewick Main Pit - self written poems on mining. Wells. Colliery houses. Started in pit at 13. Comparing conditions in drift and pit. Accident with water bursting in. Pony drowned. Gas in the mines, difficult to breathe sometimes. Keeping horses frightened, making horse whip. Ponies racing to get to stable after shift, would ride them. Food of a miner. Rats would go for bait - once caught one and set it on fire. Bringing mice for the cats. Canaries, pigs, bantams. Wet conditions in pit, scraped back. Little locos and ponies to transport coal. Lists deductions from pay note. Argument a...
Worked in Bewick Main Pit - self written poems on mining. Wells. Colliery houses. Started in pit at 13. Comparing conditions in drift and pit. Accident with water bursting in. Pony drowned. Gas in the mines, difficult to breathe sometimes. Keeping horses frightened, making horse whip. Ponies racing to get to stable after shift, would ride them. Food of a miner. Rats would go for bait - once caught one and set it on fire. Bringing mice for the cats. Canaries, pigs, bantams. Wet conditions in pit, scraped back. Little locos and ponies to transport coal. Lists deductions from pay note. Argument a...
George Purdon
songs by G. Purdon - Easington disaster, farewell to 'Cotia, the echo of pit boots, the pony putter, the Bevin boy's lament, halley's piebald gallowa, a 'cotia miner (Jack Elliot), they're coming home today, the bogie man, when delaval stood alone, blacklisted miners
songs by G. Purdon - Easington disaster, farewell to 'Cotia, the echo of pit boots, the pony putter, the Bevin boy's lament, halley's piebald gallowa, a 'cotia miner (Jack Elliot), they're coming home today, the bogie man, when delaval stood alone, blacklisted miners
Mr Andrew Houliston
Allendale's paper mill, locals got their floor coverings from wasted blankets there. Local magistrate had prisoners brought to his window, rather than going to court. Work as a special constable in world war two - arresting a "German spy"; keeping traffic away from a "bomb", making hospital turn its lights out. Bell ringers. Work as a joiner, tools and techniques. Worked collecting bodies for funerals - horse hearses, one time had to use a car as horses were all away at Newcastle football stadium, moved to using car. Car running out of petrol in a snow storm. Collecting body where murder suspe...
Allendale's paper mill, locals got their floor coverings from wasted blankets there. Local magistrate had prisoners brought to his window, rather than going to court. Work as a special constable in world war two - arresting a "German spy"; keeping traffic away from a "bomb", making hospital turn its lights out. Bell ringers. Work as a joiner, tools and techniques. Worked collecting bodies for funerals - horse hearses, one time had to use a car as horses were all away at Newcastle football stadium, moved to using car. Car running out of petrol in a snow storm. Collecting body where murder suspe...
Mr Letch
Poetry "the clippy mat" on miner's life. Defines clippy mats, cracket stools, stottys. Birtley in 1918-20 - housing, pits, food and drink, women seeing men off to the pit as might not come back alive, births and deaths, funerals, wedding customs, Christmas. Guisers at New Year, Easter events and egg jarping. Working on the screens and with pit pony, work of a hewer. General Strike 1926, policemen with truncheons, blacklegs and candymen. Mining terms.
Poetry "the clippy mat" on miner's life. Defines clippy mats, cracket stools, stottys. Birtley in 1918-20 - housing, pits, food and drink, women seeing men off to the pit as might not come back alive, births and deaths, funerals, wedding customs, Christmas. Guisers at New Year, Easter events and egg jarping. Working on the screens and with pit pony, work of a hewer. General Strike 1926, policemen with truncheons, blacklegs and candymen. Mining terms.
Mr Dalkin
Started work on belts at 13 and underground at 14. Close to underground explosion in 1914, people panicking. Rescuing a man trapped under stones; later being similarly trapped himself. Friend predicted his own death, didn't want to go back into Ferryhill pit, died two days later, saving someone else. Nothing else to do really, needed the money of the pits. Driving a pony, got into row with deputy as had been told it was too big for particular patch, then told to go there anyway, Deputy threatened him, he got one of the weighmen to take his side. Small seams and amounts of coal. Man who acciden...
Started work on belts at 13 and underground at 14. Close to underground explosion in 1914, people panicking. Rescuing a man trapped under stones; later being similarly trapped himself. Friend predicted his own death, didn't want to go back into Ferryhill pit, died two days later, saving someone else. Nothing else to do really, needed the money of the pits. Driving a pony, got into row with deputy as had been told it was too big for particular patch, then told to go there anyway, Deputy threatened him, he got one of the weighmen to take his side. Small seams and amounts of coal. Man who acciden...
Mr Newton and Mr Bell
Miner's wife as "motherly octopus", could be relied upon at all hours, made the money reach. Sons in various jobs, only one went down the pit and didn't stay. But when they were young had no real choices. Did know lad who got to university and sentenced Gandhi. Could leave for pits at twelve. Corruption, trade unionism tried to control it. Relationship between further education and the chapel. Mine management built all the local chapels, and had "spies" within them, keep an eye on miners. Real activism was via the workmen's clubs. Leader Sam Watson. Threat of losing job, others waiting to take...
Miner's wife as "motherly octopus", could be relied upon at all hours, made the money reach. Sons in various jobs, only one went down the pit and didn't stay. But when they were young had no real choices. Did know lad who got to university and sentenced Gandhi. Could leave for pits at twelve. Corruption, trade unionism tried to control it. Relationship between further education and the chapel. Mine management built all the local chapels, and had "spies" within them, keep an eye on miners. Real activism was via the workmen's clubs. Leader Sam Watson. Threat of losing job, others waiting to take...
Mr Jackson
Moved to area in 1912, loved the countryside. Started rat catching for hobby, soon providing rats for setting dogs on for sport. Making friends, gradually picking up the dialect. Large families in two-bedroomed houses. Big fire for everything, cooking, cleaning, washing. Beer was cheap and people shared money with their friends. Lots of fighting at weekends, open air boxing, difficult for policeman to deal with. Was in a band from 1920. Strong beer, man saying scars got in a fight were the best thing that happened as persuaded him to give up drinking. Working on the screens, then started takin...
Moved to area in 1912, loved the countryside. Started rat catching for hobby, soon providing rats for setting dogs on for sport. Making friends, gradually picking up the dialect. Large families in two-bedroomed houses. Big fire for everything, cooking, cleaning, washing. Beer was cheap and people shared money with their friends. Lots of fighting at weekends, open air boxing, difficult for policeman to deal with. Was in a band from 1920. Strong beer, man saying scars got in a fight were the best thing that happened as persuaded him to give up drinking. Working on the screens, then started takin...
Mr Platts
Show horses and hackneys. Left school at 14 to work down pit. Worked with horses. As a boy drove an old man around. Method of getting horse and cart down steep hill. Killing for meat in world war one. Horse shows. Mastering an unruly horse and training it for the blacksmiths. Accidents with horse and cart, training horses. Pit ponies clipped. Stables limed and whitewashed. Cleaning stables. Getting ponies down the pit. Life of a pit pony. Washing ponies. Mud fever, treated with oil. Pit ponies well looked after. Food and died. Miners fired for hurting ponies. Had to stop miner feeding bread to...
Show horses and hackneys. Left school at 14 to work down pit. Worked with horses. As a boy drove an old man around. Method of getting horse and cart down steep hill. Killing for meat in world war one. Horse shows. Mastering an unruly horse and training it for the blacksmiths. Accidents with horse and cart, training horses. Pit ponies clipped. Stables limed and whitewashed. Cleaning stables. Getting ponies down the pit. Life of a pit pony. Washing ponies. Mud fever, treated with oil. Pit ponies well looked after. Food and died. Miners fired for hurting ponies. Had to stop miner feeding bread to...
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